This content is located in CAPS under Internet Technologies: Internet and the WWW for Grade 11.

Teaching website accessibility presents an excellent opportunity to help students understand the inclusive aspects of web design and the importance of ensuring everyone can access online content, regardless of ability. Website accessibility is a fundamental concept that aligns with the broader ideas of ethical computing and digital inclusion, both key to the Grade 11 curriculum.

To make this topic engaging, it’s essential to connect it with real-life applications and practical demonstrations, especially in a resource-conscious environment.

Ideas for Teaching Website Accessibility in Grade 11

1. Introduce the Concept with Everyday Examples
Start by discussing common accessibility barriers encountered online, such as:

• Difficulty for visually impaired users in navigating websites without screen reader compatibility.
• Challenges for users with motor impairments when websites lack keyboard navigation options.
• Situations where users face content in colours or fonts that are hard to read.

Ask students to share their experiences with poorly designed websites or apps to make the topic relatable.

2. Practical Activity: Accessibility Audit
Divide the class into small groups and assign each group a popular website to evaluate. Provide them with a checklist of accessibility features such as:

• Text readability (contrast, font size).
• Alt text on images.
• Keyboard navigation functionality.
• Captions or transcripts for videos.

Students can present their findings to the class, highlighting both strengths and areas for improvement. For schools with limited internet access, screenshots or descriptions of websites can be used instead.

3. Simulating Accessibility Challenges
Use simulation activities to help students empathise with users facing accessibility barriers:

• Turn off the monitor and use a screen reader to navigate a website.
• Disable the mouse and rely solely on keyboard navigation.
• View websites in grayscale to understand the importance of colour contrast.

These exercises make accessibility issues tangible and encourage problem-solving.

4. Design an Accessible Web Page
Encourage students to design a simple web page using basic HTML or a website builder. Challenge them to incorporate accessibility features such as:

• Descriptive alt text for all images.
• Logical heading structures for screen readers.
• Clear and consistent navigation.
• High contrast colour schemes.

For schools without internet or software resources, students can create mock-ups on paper or presentation software.

5. Link to Real-World Contexts
Discuss how accessible websites benefit organisations by reaching broader audiences, including individuals with disabilities. Highlight examples of local companies or government websites that prioritise accessibility. If possible, explore South African initiatives supporting inclusive technology.

6. Ethical Implications
Facilitate a debate or discussion about the ethical responsibilities of web developers to ensure accessibility. Link this to broader topics in the curriculum, such as the impact of technology on society and user-centred design principles.

7. Tools and Resources
Introduce free tools like WAVE or Chrome’s accessibility developer tools to assess and improve website accessibility. Provide resources like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to help students understand global standards.

By teaching website accessibility, we empower students to think critically about inclusivity in technology. This topic not only strengthens their understanding of web development but also fosters empathy and ethical awareness—skills vital for their future roles in a technology-driven world.